Děčín Museum is located in a former hunting chateau of the House of Thun-Hohenstein. The museum has been in operation since 1955. The museum was significantly developed after 1989 when museum specialists could finally properly focus on their scientific work, in particular the more thorough research and mapping of regional history (soon after the revolution, the museum opened the permanent Gothic Sculptures exhibition in the region of Děčín).

Regional artists and art groups often exhibit here; much attention is paid to the maintenance of collections, in particular restoration of pieces of art that are often at the verge of destruction.

After the revolution of 1989 the attic underwent a major reconstruction and now it houses the museum depositary. Statues of St Florian and St John of Nepomuk were moved to the adjacent park in the 1990s. The Museum has extended its exhibition area - a puppet exhibition from the collection of Milan Knížák was established at Děčín Castle from 1998-2002, and also many permanent exhibitions were organised from the museum collections: Castle Armoury, The Art of Baroque, Veduttas of Děčín, and in 2005 the new Děčín Castle Through the Ages exhibition was opened.

A unique exhibition called The Development of the Labe River Boat Transport was opened in 1969, which is the year when the museum was granted, as the only museum in the country, expert status in the history of boat transport on the Labe. Therefore, the museum has one of the largest libraries on boat transport ever and it also owns an extensive photo archive of vessels, a collection of old water maps of the Labe and the Vltava, an extensive collection of construction sketches and many other documents providing more information on this specific type of transport and shipment.